Magneto-electric and electro-magnetic machine



(No Model.)

R. EIGKEMEYER.

MAGNETO ELECTRIC AND ELEGTRO MAGNETIC MACHINE. No. 3 2,504.

QUA'JMMM I I Q Lwmb/ ,1, mm. $23 Vfi f/g/ 10 Sheets-Sheet 2. I

No Model.) 10 Sheets-Sheet 3.

R. EIOKEMEYER.

MAGNETO ELECTRIC AND ELECTED MAGNETIC MACHINE.

No. 342,504. Patented May 25, 1886.

A I QXQLDWAMM jwumvto/b: WW. 4 '65 W 1 (No Model.) 10 Sheets-Sheet 4. R. EIGKEMBYER.

MAGNETO ELECTRIC AND ELEOTRO MAGNETIC MACHINE. No. 342,504.

Patented May 25, 1886.

(-No Model.) 10 Sheets-Sheet 5. R. EIGKEMEYER.

MAGNETO ELECTRIC AND ELBGTRO MAGNETIC MACHINE. No. 342,504. Patented May 25, 1886.

wihw//bw; I $4, I g

10 Sheets-Sheet 6.

(No Model.)

B. EIOKEMEYER.

MAGNETO ELECTRIC AND ELEOTRO MAGNETIC MACHINE.

Patented May 25, 1886.

10 Sheets-Sheet 7.

(No Model.)

B. EIGKEMEYER. I MACNBTC ELECTRIC AND ELECTRO MAGNETIC MACHINE.

w K n m N j W r Q. M W a w mww I 1 3 m illrlf. iiLliiw NR1 W C WM Mn; IHHHM w (No Model.) 10 Sheets-Sheet 8.

- R. EIOKEMEYER.

MAGNETO ELECTRIC AND BLEGTRO MAGNETIC MACHINE. No. 342,504.

Patented May 25, 1886.

(No Model.) 10 Sheets-Sheet 9.

R. BIGKBMEYER.

MAGNETO ELECTRIC AND BLEOTRO MAGNETIC MACHINE.

No. 342,504. Patented May 25, 1886.

(No Model.) 10 Sheets-Sheet 10.

R. EIOKEMEYER.

MAGNBTO ELECTRIC AND ELEOTRO MAGNETIC MACHINE.

No. 342,504. Patented May 25, 1886.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE,

RUDOLF EICKEMEYER, or YONKERS, NEW YORK.

MAG-N'ETO-YELECTRIC AN 0- E'LEICTRQ-M'AYG m-zflc J'MACH'I N srrzcrrxcai'toiv forming part of Letters Patent No. 342,504, dated May as, 1886. I I I -ipplicationfllcd November}, 1882. Serial No. 76.84. (No iizodeh) i To all whom it concern; Be it knownthat I, Rnnonn EIOKEMEYER, of Yonkers, in-theistate of New York, have invented an Improvement inMagneto-Electric and Electro-Magnetic Machines, of which the following is' a specification. l I a In the magneto electric machines which have been in general use the disposition of the conductor in which a current of electricityis to be induced with reference to'the lines of will flow in the other direction; and in order that the current induced in the conductor shall flow at all times in'the same direction in other parts of the circuit, it has been necessary to use a device called a commutator or -pol'e-changer, which Shift-S the two ends of the conductorto the opposite ends of the remaining partof the circuit when the changein the directionof the currentvtakes place. 1

' it has long been known'that a conductor may be rotated around the pole gt? a magnet in sucha manner as to indnce a current constantly in one direction through the conductor, the disposition of the conducting-wire with relation to thelines of force being such that it cuts the lines of force in one direction, assuming that the direction of the lines of force is I space may be. In an apparatus of this kind always to be taken from positive to negative,

or the reverse, whatever their direction inno pole-changer is required; but it is necessary to make provision for keeping the movthe circuit is alternately in opposite directions,- which it is-desirable to avoid, and which do' not arise in the-apparatus above referred to,

'in which the current is induced in the conas I am aware, no machine has been devised ductor constantly in one direction; out, so far for practical purposes in the: arts in which a machine.

this'latter mode of operation is embodied.

The object'of my invention is to obtain such [am aware that machines have heretofore beendevised by which a? feeble continuous current can be developed,and in which an cupied by a rotating tubular armatnrefrom annular magnetic fields of force and two of said rotating tubular armatures, which were connected in linear series,,so that the current from one of said armatu'res traversed the other armature. i I Y Y A characteristic feature of machines embodyingmy invention isthe organizatiomwith a magnet afl'ording an annular field of force,

separate conductors, each of which during its movement within said field of vforce operates as an independent element, and is traversed more of. them can be coupled in linear series.

Machines involving the main features of my invention may be widely'varied i'njconstruction, and in some of the machines-devised by me the two or more conducting elements em bodied in the armature serve merely'as conalso a portion of the magnetic system, and are netic circuit. vJ

In the accompanying drawings. the figures of one series are designed to illustrate the principles on which my improved system of magneto and dynamo 'electric machines are based. Those of the next sericsrepresent difl'erent constructions of the improved machines, while the figures of still another series are diagrams, illustrating the lines of force which are obtained by magnets employed.

Figure 1 is a diagram illustrating the fundamental principle on which my invention isbased. Figs. 2, 3, 4, and 5 are diagrams in which the said priucipleis adapted in an elemagneto and dynamo electric machines. Figs. 6 to 18 show a magneto-electric machine em-- bodying'my invention, with details of the diflerent parts of the same. Figs. 19 and-20 represent a horizontal section and a detail of a dynamo'clectric machine constructedfon by an electric current always in thesame di-'}' rection, and I have 'so organized said inde-if-f pendent conducting elements that any two or annular magnetic field of force has been 00- which the electric current was afforded, and. also that such machines have embodied two,

ductors, and in other machines they constitute included within and form a part of "the magmentary manner to my improved system of 65 Q of an armature which embodies two ,or more 2o tral point, midway between the poles", is army system. Figs. 21, 21, and 21 show a] interior magnet, A, so that the conductor D dynamo-electric, machine of modified form; so also do Figs. 22 and. 22', and likewise Figs. 23, 23", 23", and 23, as doalso Figs. 24, 25, 25, 25". Figs. 26 and 27 are respectiveiy a horizontal section and a side elevation of a dynamo-electric machine complete in all its details constructed on my improved system. Fig. 28 and 29 are vertical transverse sections of the machine shown in Figs. 26-and 27, taken on lines a: a; and yy of Fig. 26. Figs. 30to 36 are details of the last-mentioned machine. Figs. 37 to 42 are diagrams illustrating the lines of force of magnets of diflerent forms.

- Similar letters of reference indicate as nearly as possible corresponding essential partsin the machines of various forms shown as em- .hodying the invention.

In the diagram at Fig. 1, A represents a cylindrical bar-magnet. At or near its neuranged an annular. trough or cup, 0, of suit- I able non-conducting material, which is filled with mercury. The ends of the armed d of a conductor, D, of inverted-U shape, dip into the mercury of the cup 0, the said conductor being supported by a center-pin, d, at the upper or bridge part of the conductor in a conical center-hearing containing mercury at the S pole of the magnet A. The conductor is thus balanced on its center-pin aydfree to roate around the pole of the magnet. If the conductor D and the magnet A be now placed by the wire E in circuit with a battery," F, or other source of electricity, which .is accomplished by connecting the lower end of the magn'et A with the interior of the mercur"- cup 0, a-cu'rrent will pass from the battery through the wire E'to the mercury and the arms rid of the conductor D and its support.

ing-pin d, to and through" the magnet A, and

back to-the'other poleof the battery. If a apparatus are illustrated at Fig. 37.

current of sntficient strength be'nsed, theconductor D will rotate around the pole of the magnet in a direction depending upon the direction of the'current and the polarity of the pole around which'the rotation takes place. Thedisposition of the lines of force in this The direction of the rotation of the conductor may be reversed by reversing the direction of the current, or by reversing the polarity of the magnet. If, both the direction-of the current and the polarity of the magnet be reversed, the direction of the rotation of the conductor will remain the same.

above, and passes through'the magnetic field formed by the magnets A and B. The current from the battery F passes in the direction of the arrows through the conductor D and the at Fig. as.

'the magnet back to the battery.

will rotate; but .as there are two magnetic poles, (an outer and an inner one,) the speed of the conductor is considerably accelerated. I think itis doubled. The disposition of the lines of force in this apparatus is represented In that portion of the circular space between the ends of the poles the mag netic field of force is much more dense than in any partot' the field of force around a magnet like the one shown at Fig. 37, assuming the magnetism to be equal in both cases.

At Fig. 41 the direction of the lines offorce So is shown to be radial, and it will be readily seen that a conductor rotating around the inner magnet in one direction parallel with the axis of the magnet will constantly cut the lines of force in one direction, to the right or left, as the case may be, and thus induce a current constantly in one direction.

At Fig. 39 a magnet is represented in which. the outer cylinder (shown at Fig. 38) is in one 7 piece with the inner cylinder. so that onlytwo 9c poles are formed,and these are opposed to each other'i'u the same mannerasat each end of the magnet shown at Fig. 38. The lines of force cross the space between the two poles in the same manner as they cross the space between the two polesshown at Fig. 41.

It will be observed that with the magnets shown at Figs. 38 and 39 a portion of the lines of force radiate from the outer surface and end of theouter cylinder and-curve around to the [co end of the :inner cylinder. At Fig. 40'there is shown an arrangement of magnets which do not present these external lines of force,'but in'which thelines of force are wholly concentrated within the annular space between the magnets. With this arrangement there are practically no external lines of force. Such as are present are extremely weak. At Fig. 40 two magnets of the kind shown at Fig. 39 are represented as abutting against each other with their like poles.

At Fig. 3 the same arrangement of interior and exterior magnets, A B, and mercury-cup O is shown that appears at Fig. 2, but with two movable conductors, D and D. The centerpin d of the second conductor, D, rests in a cup-shaped center-bearing containing mercury in the conductor D, and is insulated from the conductor D bya non-conducting plate, d. The arms d d ol' the second conductor, D, dip, like the arms of the first conductor, into the mercury cup 0, and are in metallic contactwith a mercury cup, d, so that the current from the battery F passes, as indicated, first downward through the conductor D in the direction of the arrows to the cup 0, theme upward through the eondnctorD to'the magnet A, and through As both conductors I) and D are free to rotate, and as the current passes through them in opposite" directions, they will rotate in opposite directionsto each other. 7 it a hole weremade through the central magnet, A. at Fig. 3, and

the conductor D were extended down through furnished with a pulley, be made to rotate in the speed with which. they rotate is co re- I induced in both.

thereby caused to rotate in a certain direction,

the magnet A and made to enter a mercury cup placed in or upon the conductor at the lower end of the magnet, it might, by being either direction, and it at the same time a pulley were Substituted for the cup d the con ductor D might be made to rotate in an opposite direction from the other conductor. Thus a continuous current would be induced in both conductors in the same direction. I At Fig. 4 the magnets A B and conductor D D are shown, as at Fig. 3, with a mercurycnp, C; but the latter is divided by a central partition, m, whereby the conductors D D are arranged t6 move each in a separate mercury cup. The conductors D D are connected by a'connecting-wire, E, but are insulated from each other by a block. (1, of non-conducting material. A current from the battery Fpassing in the direction of the arrows will pass through the magnet A down through the conductors D to the inner mercury-cup, thence through the conducting-wire E and the conductor D to the outer mercury-cup, and then through the wire E to the battery. As the direction of the current is the same in both conductors D and D, both will rotate in the same direction with greatly accelerated speed. The conductors in this last caseare connected in a linear series; consequently, it the number of conductors so connected isincreased,

spoudingly increased.

If the conductors D and D of Fig. 4 he rotated in the same direction, by external means,

a continuous current in one direction will be By substituting for the magnets A and B shown at Figs. 2, 3, and 4 a magnet, A, with disk-shaped pole-pieces A, which face each other, as shown at Fig. 5, and by surrounding the lower polepiece by an annular mercurycup, 0, and arranging the movable radial conductor D, as shown, in suitable step and neck bearings and centrally to the pole-pieces A A, so that the armsd dof the conductor D dip into the mercury-cup, a current passing" from the battery F around the magnet A in the direction of thearrows will excite the magnetand pass through the mercury and-the arms of the radial conductor D to the center of the lower pole-piece, A, and through the magnet to thebattery. The conductor D is and if the current be reversed the rotation will continue in the same direction, since the. reversal of the current will also reverse the polarity of the pole pieces.

If the mercury-cup G of Fig. 5 be divided by a partition, as shown in Fig. 4, and two radial conductors insulated from each other be also employed, substantially as shown in Fig. 4, so that a current will pass through both in thesanie direction, both conductors will rotate in the same direction, and their speed will be greatly accelerated.

In the apparatus thus far described the conductors are arranged to rotate around or net, A, and the conductor D to the exterior magnet, B, and both magnets be arranged so as to be capable of rotation around their common. axis, they will rotate in opposite directibns when the current is passed through the conductors. So, also, if both conductors D D of Fig. 4 be attached to the magnet A, and that magnet be suitably mounted to rotate around its longitudinal axis, it will so rotate when a current passes through the conductors; and the same result is obtained when one or both diskshaped pole-pieces A A of the magnet shown at Fig. 5 are capable of rotati n and the conductor is fastened to one of them.

In all of the foregoing apparatus the mag nets have been illustrated and described as used with independent conductors; but the magnets themselves may be made to serve not only as magnets, but as conductors, thus dispensing with independent conductors, as will hereinafter appear.

In all the foregoing illustrations the conductors are shown as arranged concentrically with the axis of the magnet or magnets and the magnetic field in which they rotate; but the conductors would also move in the same direction it the axis of rotation of the conductors should be'eccentric to the center of the magnet or magnets. It would, however, be an irregular motion. The poles of the magnets in all these cases are represented as oylindrical; but the result would be the same were each of these poles composed of a number of magnets of the same polarity. Their location relatively to the center of rotation might be varied; but if the field of force be concentric with the axis of rotation it is most effective, producing a current of uniform strengtlrduriug the whole rotation of each conductor, while an irregular or eccentric field of force produces a current of varying strength during the same rotation.

In the apparatus illustrated in the various figuresto which Ihave referred,the conductors,

it rotated,would out the lines of force in the same directionfrom right to left or left to right-during the whole period of rotation.

In Fig. 42 I exhibit the manner in which COflt'ltiCtOlS cut the lines of force in machines which have hitherto been in general use-such as, for instance, the well-known Siemens and Gramme machines. Comparing the field of force shown in this figure with that shown at Fig. 4.1, it will be seen that the lines of force, instead of crossing the path of the conductor IlO -' and rotates with the shaft a.

circle will be in opposite directions. It is this fact that renders the use of a commutator or pole-changer in such machines necessary.

Figs. 6 to 18, as before stated, illustrate an elementary form of magneto-electric machine. Machines of this type have been made the special subject of a divisional application filed May 13, 1883, Serial No. 94, 900. A is a horse shoe-magnet having legs N S. In the center of the leg N is bored a hole, which forms a bearing fora shaft, a, to one end of which the armature is secured, as hereinafter described,while the otherend is provided with a-pulley, a. This pulley serves to rotate the armature when the machine is used as a generator, and as a driving-pulley when the machine is used as a motor. To the leg S of the magnet A is applied a ring-shaped pole-piece, S, which surrounds the armature and the N pole of the magnet. The pole-piece S serves to circumscribe and equalize the field; but it'can be omitted, in which case the'action of the machine would differ only in the strength of current from its act-ion when furnished with the pole-piece. 'lhe armature consists of six metallic bars, I) to b embedded, as shown, in a cylindrical shell of hard rubber, B'-, which is rigidly secured to 7 These bars I) to I; are placed in metallic contact each with one of six metal rings, 1 to 6, at or near their respective ends. In Fig. 9 a portion of one of these rings is shown on an enlarged scale, an inward projection, b of the ring forming such Contact with the bar b. The ring of each bar is insulated from the remaining bars and from the rings of all the other bars. The conductors b to b are also in metallic contact at their opposite ends with six shorter bars, f, which are embedded in a hard-rubber cylinder, H, as shown in detail at Figs. 17 and 18. Each short bar f is placed in metallic contact with one of six rings, 7 to 12, each ring being also supplied with a projection for that purpose, and being insulated from the remaining barsf and irom the rings connected with them. Thus the metal ring 1, that is in contact with the bar b, and the barf connected thereto, with its ring 12, form one conductor; and so the other conductor, b, which appears in Fig.6, isrepresented in metallic connection with rings 4 and 9, while the remaining conductors, which are not shown in that figure, are in metallic connect-ion with the remaining rings at the lower end and with corresponding rings at the upper end of the shaft a. ber of exterior connecting-wires, 13 to 19, are connected by suitable brushes with the two sets of rings, and when the wires 13 and 19 are I A num placed in circuit with the battery or other source of electricity the current will take the of sufficient strength is furnished by the gen erator in analogy to the rotation of the conductors of Figs. 2 and 4. If power is applied to the pulley a, and the armature rotatediu the opposite direction to that in which it was rotated by the current of the generator, a current will be induced of'the same direction as that before furnished by the generator or source of electricity.

At Fig. 19 there is shown a machineiu which an electro-magnet, A A, is substituted for the permanent magnet of the machine shown at Fig. 6, the central pole, A, being surrounded by the outer pole, A, and provision is made, as shown, that the inner pole shall revolve within the outer. The electro-magnet A A is'exc'ited by the coil I, wound around the base of the inner pole,'A, as shown. The armature 'is constructed substantially as in the machine shown at Fig. 6; but, instead of rotating around the central pole and betweeuthe two poles, it is fixed to the central pole','that it may rotate with it. The conductors in the armature are arranged at equal distances from each other, and are insulated and connected at both ends to metallic rings,

which, like the conductors, are insulated front each other, all substantially as in the machine last described. Exterior wires13 to 19 are employed, as before, but, with their brushes, are arranged upon a hinged supporting-plate, M, and provided at M with an adj usting-screw to regulate the pressure of the brushes upon the contactrrings. (See Fig. 20.) The brush on the wire 19.is put in circuit with the excit- IlO ing-helix I. If, now, a current of suflicient strength be sent into the machine through wire 13, it will pass through all the movable conductors in one direction and through all the stationary conductors or exterior wires in the opposite direction, and finally. through the helix I and back to the source of electricity, thereby polarizing the magnet A A. This causes the armature and inner pole to rotate.

If, on the contrary, power be applied to the pulley a and a current be induced in the b conductors of the armature, this'current, passing through the exciting-helix I, increases the magnetism in the magnet A A, while the remaining portion may be gsed for external work, as in other dynamo-machines.

At Figs. 21, 21, and 21 another form of dynamo-electric machine is illustrated. I u

this casetbe armature is built up of thirteen b bars or conductors, which are insulated from each other and made in the same manner as the commutators of Gramme machines. contact-rings employed in the machines illustrated in the other figures are dispensed with.

To connect the bars in series,six exterior connecting-wires, w to w, are arranged at equal distances from each other around the center of the machine. These exterior connecting-wires form contact each by two brushes at each end (11 v and a '0) with the movable conductors in Figs. 21, 21, and 21 are substantihlly the same as those obtained from the preceding machines; and this last-described machine'difl'ers from the preceding ones only in so far that each movable conductor is brought into metallic connection with all the exterior conductingi placed in line, as shown,

wires in succession during each revolution of the armature, while in the other machines each movable conductoris in metallic connection with one of the connectingwires at all times. A machine of this type has been made the subject of a separate application for Letters Patent filed March 7, 1885, No. 158,033.

At Fig. 22 there is shown a machine in which two electro-magnetssubstantially like those shown at Fig. 19 or 21 are coinbined,"each magnet consisting of an innercylinder or pole,

A, and an outer shell orpole, A. They are and are so excited, respectively, by the helices I I that both inner poles areN poles and both outer poles are S poles. The movable b conductors forming the armatures of this machine are straight bars embedded in a hard-rubber hollow cylin der, Bflwh'ich surrounds the innerpoles, AA, and is secured to a hub, O, which in turn is rigidly secured to the shaft a, having hearings in a hole bored through the inner poles, AA, as shown. Each movable b conductor is in metallic contact at each end with a separate ring, and each ring is insulated lrom every other conductor and every other ring, substantially as in machines already described. The I) conductors and their respective rings are connected in linear series by brushes and outer stationary wires, as indicated, and a current which passes in at 13 and out at 19 will pass through all the b conductors in one direction and through all'the outer stationary wires in the opposise direction, as indicated by the arrows. The armature will rotate when a current of suificient strength thus passes through it, or a continuous current is induced in one direction through the conductors when power is applied to the pulley a and uniform motion given to the armaturei The current induced may be used to excite the magnets or it may be used in part for that purpose and in part for outside work; or the exciting-helices may receive their currents from some other-source,

chine.

The I and the whole inducedcurrent may be used for outside work. This machine embodies certain; features which in part constitute the;

subject of my aforesaid divisional application No. 94,900. I a

At Fig. 22 I have shown still another modi- 'fication. The outer magnet, A, is of substantially the same form as in the machine last described, but for the stationary inner pole I have substituted a cylindrical bar, A, provided with bearings atL and L. This bar is reduced to a suitable size within th'e'bearings,

and to one end of it there is secured the pulley a The magnets are. polarized by the helices I and I, so that the inner magnet, A, has its N pole at the middle andjtwo S poles at the ends, while the outer magnet, A, has its S pole at the middleand two N poles at its ends. The armature, as shown, is constructed substantially as in the previous case, and its b conductors and their rings are connected in linear series, as already described many times herein when speaking of other machines. When a current passes through the circuit thus formed bytheb conductors, their rings, and stationary 'wires or conductors, the armature and cylindrical inner magnet, A, will rotate, and if motion is given to the pulleya current in one direction will be induced in the circuit.-

At Figs. 23, 23, 23", and 23- I have shown another'form of machihe of the same general design. The outerand inner magnets, A A, are constructed substantially as in the machine illustrated by Fig. 22, and, as in that machine, are polarized by the helices I and I, so that ice the inner magnet, A, has its N pole and the outer magnet, A, has its S pole at the middle;

machines I have substituted six hollow metallic cylinders, b, a detached view of one of which is given at Figs. 23 and 23. Each hollow metallic cylinder is provided with two rings, b", one on each end. The hollow b-cylinders are of dilierent lengths, and are insulatedfrom each other and from the central magnet, A, to which they are attached. put two metallic rings, b and 11, upon the magnet A, and have connected them in linear series with the hollow b cylindrical conductors IXO I have also by means of brushes and the exterior wire conductors. (Indicatedbybrokenlines.) Ihave thus used the inner or central magnet, A, as oneof the rotating conductors, and by its combination with the six cylindrical conductors have increased the efliciency ofthe ma- Figs. 24, 25, 25, and 25 represent still another form of machine of the same general design; but in this machine the inner magnet is so constructd and arranged that it performs the functions of the magnet and also that of the b bars or tubes orb conductors of the other machines. Fig. 24. is a horizontal cross-section through the longitudinal center of the machine. Fig. 25 is a vertical cross-section on the line m 3 Fig. 24. Fig. 25 represents one of the metallicrings t in the views. Fig. 25" represents in several views a flanged ring, k, made of non-conducting material.

In the machine shown at Fig. 24 and the other figures just enumerated the central magnetyA; is made up of sixteen longitudinal bars, either of iron or steel, b b b, &e.,

mounted upon a shaft, T, from which they are insulated, while they are also insulated from 1 each other. They are secured to the said shaftf by two non-conducting rings,R R,held in place by screw-nuts P P. The shaft- T has its bearings at Q Q. The compound magnet A thus made up is polarized by the coils I and l, as

shown, and is tree to rotate within the outer magnet, A. Each of the b bars thus forming a part of the inner magnet is connected with two metallic rings, as shown at Fig. Zhwhere the bar b is shown in metallic contact with the rings t and t, while bar b is shown in metallic contact with the rings t"and t. The re-. mpining fourteen bars included within the magnet are also in like manner in contact each with two rings. The difl'eren't bars which 2 make up the magnet A are insulated from each other by strips, 1 l l, of insulating material between them andthe shaft '1, and the metallic rings t f" l, &c., are insulated from each other by means ofthe non-metallic flanged v 0 rings k, recessed at k, Fig. to allowthe projection b of each t ring to make contact. with one b bar only. These b bars of the magnet A are connected in linear succession in substantially the same manner as in the 3 5 other cases.

machine, and is composed of two semi-sections bolted togethenas shown. In each end are bearingsfor the support of the inner rotating magnet, A,which carries the armature. which is constructed as presently described, and at- .tached to, the magnet A in such manner as to rotate in close contact with the outer surrounding magnet, A. The inner magnet, A, carrying the armature, receives rotary motion from a pulley, a, at one end thereof. I and I are coils for exciting and polarizing the magnets. The. inner rotating magnet, .A, is so 'polarized as to have an N pole in the middle and twoS poles at its ends, and the outer magnet, AT, is so polarized as to have itsS pole in the middle sui rounding theN pole of the inner rotating magnet, A, and two S poles at its ends.

V The armature consists of insulated conductor- 'bars, b, (see Fig. 34,) embedded in a cylindrical shell of hard rubber, (see Fig. 36,) which has grooves to recei ve the conductor-bars,-and r is rigidly secured to the inner rotating mag-. net, A. 7 Each barb is placedin metallic coutact with two rings, t t, &c., one at each end,

by means of projections on the rings. (See Figs. 35 and 26.) Therings tatfcach end are insulated from each other,-and.-each is insu-' lated from/all the conductor-bars b except its own. Accordingly, each conductor, with its two rings, forms one element in the series.

' To connect the conductors-b in series, con- 7 5 tact-pieces of special construction are used. Theyare shown at Figs. 31,32, and 33, and consist of a loose block or piece of metal, h, that is pressed by a spring, h, upon the ring of the conductor. tact block or piece h is' roundcd off and fitted loosely into the recess of a metalpiece, hfl'that is' attached to the end of an exterior wire or conductor, h.

The machine is shown as arranged with twenty-ftmr conductors, which form the armature, and with twenty-four exterior wires, which are disposed of in two sets of twelve each at both sides of the exterior frame. The 1 I rotating conductors are connected in linearseries by means of the contact-pieces h and h and exterior conductors, b, so that the electric current passes through all the'rotating conductors b in one direction, and through all, the exterior stationary conductors, h, in the other direction. It isobvious, however, from the foregoing descriptionthat a portion of the rotating conductors may be connected in one j linear series and another portion be connected in another lineal-series, each linear series havzoo ing its own independent current of electricity. When motion is imparted-to the armature, a current is generated which can be'utilized in the usual manner. A number of the rotating.

conductors may be placed in one circuit and used to excite the coils I and'I',while the circuit generated by the remaining conductors, which may be in one or more circuits, ma be used for external work.

' Instead of-the separate magnetjAand inde-' r IQ I pendent conductors shown in the machine last described, it is obvious that the compound magnet shown at Fig. 24 may be placed in the machine with equal if not better results.

It will be observed that in mauy of the ma- I-i5 chines illustrated the exciting helix or helicesare inclosed within a mass of magnetic metal, which is chambered and which surrounds the l armature, and that each helix is concentric,

with the axis of the armature, and these parts 2 .ductors are eccentric within the exterior pole or about the 'innerpole, or are acted upon by one pole'only; or by a large number'of mag- The outer end of each conspecial arrangement; of movable conductors shown,since they may be either parallel with the axis or radiating from the center of the pole, or partly parallel with and partly radial to said axis. S in all the machines shown or V sion.

illustrated the conductors may be made of iron or steel. Nor, when my invention is broadly considered, do I confine myself to any particular form of conductors, for, as I have shown, they may consist of bars or tubes, and it is obvious that they may consistof disks or wires if properly connected in linear succesof other form and construction may be employed without departing from certain features of my invention. So, in any of the ma chines shown, roller contacts might be substituted-for the brushes and contact-blocks shown and described. 7

Another modification within myinvention, broadly considered, but forming the subjectmatter of a subordinate claim, is illustrated at Fig. 22, where I have represented that the outside wire, 16, may be cut, as indicated, by the line crossing it in front of the horizontal arrow, and the ends straightened to form two terminals. then be two series of outside stationary condoctors, the current of one entering at 13 and passing out at 16. while the current of the other enters at 16 and passes out at 19. Thus when the machine is used asa generator, each series may be made to do work independent of the other series, andin like manner an independent source of electricity may be used with either series when the machine is used as a motor. Again, it is obvious that when the rotating conductors of any of the machi nos shown are made ofiron, they become portions of a compound magnet, and if they are at tached to a rotating magnet they re-enl'orcc that magnet; but, as hereinhefore stated, this particular feature is included within the claims of one of my divisional applications, filed December 26, 1884.

In the diagrams shown at Figs. 3 and {the I) and D conductors, when made of iron'and rigidly secured to either of the magnets A or B, may be considered a part thereof, and

It is also to be understood that magnetsv (Marked 16 and 16".) There will either A or ll, to which they are attached, may be rotated, the other remaining stationary, or both magnets A and B may be rotated in contrary direct-ions.

Having thus described my invention, I claimg 1. In an electromagnetic or magnetoelectric machine, an electric circuit in which two or more insulated bars mounted upon arotative magnetized core are-connected in linear series in the circuit.

2. In an electro-magneticor magneto-electric machine, the. combination of two cylindrical magnets, either simple or compound, one located within the other, the'inner magnets ,c'arrying independent electro-conductors and capable ofrotation, substantially as described. 3. In an electromagnetic and magneto-electric machine, a magnet formed of two concentrio cylinders closed at both ends and polar-. ized to locate the neutral points at both ends of the cylinders, and affording an interior arr.

nular field :of force for an armature, substantially as described;

4. In an electro-magnetic or magneto-electric machine, a stationary pole and arota-tlng armature composed of two or more independent conductors connected in one or more linear series and revolving aroundsaid stationary pole, snbstan tiall y as described.

5. In anclectro-magnetic' or magneto-electric machine, a stationary pole, a rot-atingtarmature embodying two or more independent conductors connected iii-linear series. and an inclosing-magnet, substantially as described.

6. In an electromagnetic or magneto-elem tric machine, a series of internal conductors connected in linear series bya series ofput side conductors, substantially as described,

whereby .all of the internal conductors may be connected in one circuit, or any portion or portions of said internal conductors included in an independent circuit or circuits, substantially as described.

7. In a magneto electric or electro magnetic machine, the combination, substantially as hereinbefore described, of a revolving arms-- ture, an inclosing magnetic shell, and one ormore exciting-helices housed within said shell RUDOLF EIcKEMEY R.

and arranged concentrically with the axis of the armature.

\Vitnesses:

NVILLIAM W. SWAN, WM. 0. W001). 

